Semiconductors are at the heart of modern technology. They power essential systems in healthcare, transport, communication, defence, and space. As the world moves toward greater digitalization and automation, semiconductors have become integral to economic security and strategic independence. We can recall the acute shortage of chips that the world faced following the COVID-19 pandemic and the Ukraine-Russia war that affected the manufacturing of cars, mobile phones, and other electronics. The main drivers of growth in the semiconductor industry include the accelerating pace of digitization across sectors, which is increasing the demand for faster, more efficient, and compact electronic components. There is a growing reliance on advanced semiconductor-based systems to process and store vast amounts of data generated by digital platforms, smart devices, and connected infrastructure. The rapid adoption of artificial intelligence and machine learning, both at the edge and in cloud data centres, is fuelling the need for high-performance, energy-efficient chips that can handle complex computing tasks in real time. Currently, countries like Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, China, and the US dominate the semiconductor industry. Taiwan produces more than 60% of the world’s semiconductors, including nearly 90% of the most advanced ones.1 Such dependence on a single region has exposed global supply chains to significant risks—from pandemics and natural disasters to geopolitical tensions. Recognizing this challenge, many countries are now building secure and diversified supply chains. The United States, European Union, Japan, and South Korea have launched national strategies to support domestic chip manufacturing and reduce over-reliance on a single region. India is emerging as an important and trusted partner in this global shift.